POSEIDO, Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013
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Special Theme: Introduction to the POSEIDO concept, consensus articles and guidelines for our community
Table of Contents POSEIDO. 2013;1(1):1-64.
Editorial
The Periodontology, Oral Surgery, Esthetic and Implant Dentistry Organization (POSEIDO) and Open Journal: an international academic and scientific community for a new approach of open-access publishing. By David M. Dohan Ehrenfest, Gilberto Sammartino, and Jean-Pierre Bernard.
Pages 1-5
Reviews
Guidelines for the publication of articles related to implant surfaces and design from the POSEIDO: a standard for surface characterization. By David M. Dohan Ehrenfest, Byung-Soo Kang, Gilberto Sammartino, Jamil Awad Shibli, Hom-Lay Wang, De-Rong Zou, and Jean-Pierre Bernard.
Pages 7-15
Abstract. Dental implant surface engineering is a very active field of research, however the abundant literature on the topic is often difficult to sort and interpret. Indeed there is a significant lack of homogeneity in the methods to describe the various surfaces available on the market or tested in experimental studies, resulting in confusions in the literature and difficulties to compare the numerous published results. In this article, the POSEIDO (Periodontology, Oral Surgery, Esthetic & Implant Dentistry Organization) is developing and promoting a validated concept for the characterization and description of the implant surface characteristics. The objective of these guidelines is to help researchers to standardize their studies and to promote clarity in this field of research. Illustrated by the description of 2 types of implant surfaces (TiUnite, Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Ossean, Intra-Lock, Boca-Raton, FL, USA), these guidelines describe some standardized tools of analysis and terminology that can be used to characterize and define a dental implant surface, particularly its chemical composition (core material, such as titanium, and chemical or biochemical modification through impregnation or coating) and its topography at the micro- and nanoscale (such as microroughness, microporosity, nanoroughness, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanopatterning and fractal architecture). These POSEIDO guidelines are an important step for the clarification of knowledge and standardization of experiments in this field.
Guidelines for the publication of articles related to platelet concentrates (Platelet-Rich Plasma - PRP, or Platelet-Rich Fibrin - PRF): the international classification of the POSEIDO. By David M. Dohan Ehrenfest, Gilberto Sammartino, Jamil Awad Shibli, Hom-Lay Wang, De-Rong Zou, and Jean-Pierre Bernard.
Pages 17-27
Abstract. Platelet concentrates for surgical use are autogenous regenerative preparations, produced by the centrifugation of the patient own blood sample. Most techniques are often regrouped inappropriately under the historical term of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). Since 15 years, their use dramatically increased in many surgical fields, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The literature on this topic is considerable, but the published results are often contradictory. It is very difficult to sort and interpret the available data, due to a large number of preparation techniques, terminologies and forms of these materials, and the endless list of potential applications. This consensus conference of the Periodontology, Oral Surgery, Esthetic and Implant Dentistry Organization (POSEIDO) was established to support a classification system of these products, in order to improve and clarify the publications on this topic. Four main families of preparations can be defined, depending on their cell content and fibrin architecture: Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma (P-PRP), such as cell separator PRP, Vivostat PRF, PRGF-Endoret or E-PRP; Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma (L-PRP), such as Curasan, Regen, Plateltex, SmartPReP, PCCS, Magellan or GPS PRP; Pure Plaletet-Rich Fibrin (P-PRF), such as Fibrinet; and Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), such as Titanium-prepared PRF and Intra-Spin L-PRF System. P-PRP and L-PRP exist in an inactivated liquid form, and can be activated and transformed respectively into a P-PRP gel and a L-PRP gel. This terminology will serve as a basis for future works to be published in the POSEIDO journal and as a first step for further research on the topic.
Clinical letters
“M” flap design for promoting implant esthetics: technique and cases series. By Guerino Paolantoni, Andrea Cioffi, Jolanda Mignogna, Francesco Riccitiello, and Gilberto Sammartino.
Pages 29-35
Esthetic management of the maxillary anterior region with multi-discipline approaches. By Gilberto Sammartino, Oreste Trosino, Andrea Cioffi, Letizia Perillo, and Francesco Riccitiello.
Pages 37-43
Research articles
Long-term stability of osseointegrated implants in bone regenerated with a collagen membrane in combination with a deproteinized bovine bone graft: 5-year follow-up of 20 implants. By Ioanna Bouchlariotou, Jean-Pierre Bernard, Jean-Pierre Carrel, and Lydia Vazquez.
Pages 45-53
Abstract. Background and objectives. The use of preimplant bone graft is often needed for an adequate implant placement. This clinical study evaluated the 5-year stability of 20 implants placed in bone that had been previously regenerated with a deproteinized bovine bone graft and a collagen membrane. Materials and Methods. Clinical and radiological data were collected one and 5 years after implant placement. Results. All implants remained stable throughout the study period with a mean Periotest value of -2.65. X-ray examination showed stable bone crest levels without angular defects and a mean bone loss between the 1st and the 5th year examination of 0.287 mm. Discussion and Conclusion. The 20 implants were successfully integrated and were maintained in function over a 5-year follow-up period. Based on the clinical and radiological favourable results, we conclude that regenerated bone, formed under a collagen barrier membrane combined with a deproteinized bovine bone graft, responds like pristine bone to implant placement.
Anchorage of machined and TPS-coated dental implants of various lengths: An in vivo study in the dog maxilla. By Jean-Pierre Carrel, Serge Szmukler-Moncler, Jean-Pierre Bernard, Urs C. Belser, and Lydia Vazquez.
Pages 55-64
Abstract. Background and objectives. The use of short implants is nowadays frequent in daily practice. The objective of this experimental study was to test the correlation between extremely different implant surfaces and the anchorage of short implants. Materials and Methods. The anchorage of machined-surface and titanium-plasma sprayed (TPS) implants of various lengths was investigated in the dog maxilla. Machined-surface fixtures, 7 and 10 mm long, and TPS implants, 6 and 10 mm long, were reverse-torqued after 3 months of healing. Results. Failure mode varied with the implant system used. For TPS implants, implant loosening coincided with the peak reverse-torque. The mean was 55.13 and 90.14 Ncm for the 6 mm and 10 mm long implants, respectively; the difference was statistically significant. For machined-surface implants, 2 torque values were measured, a mobilization and peak torque. Mobilization torque for the 7 and 10 mm fixtures was 19.50 and 22.12 Ncm, respectively. Peak torque was 29.63 and 39.25 Ncm, respectively; all differences were not statistically significant. The 6 mm TPS implants were more firmly anchored than the 7 and 10 mm machined-surface fixtures. The torque data measured in the maxilla were significantly lower than the data in the mandible, by half approximately. Discussion and Conclusion. In this experiment, parameters that influenced implant anchorage were: 1) the jaw bone quality (mandible vs. maxilla), 2) the implant surface and design, 3) implant length for TPS-coated implants. The present data suggest that treatment planning in terms of implant length selection and appropriate healing periods is implant system specific.
This issue of the POSEIDO Journal is supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean government-MEST (No. 2011-0030121) and by the LoB5 Foundation for Research, France.